Showing posts with label adolescent groups. Show all posts
Showing posts with label adolescent groups. Show all posts

Saturday, November 30, 2013

Adolescent group: Self-harming behaviors

This is an excellent handout for those needing help for self-harming behaviors.

This 32-page booklet explains

1. Possible reasons for self-harm:

"Many find it almost impossible to understand why young people harm themselves, and how it could possibly help them to feel better. By deliberately hurting their bodies, young people often say they can change their state of mind so that they can cope better with ‘other’ pain they are feeling. They may be using physical pain as a way of distracting themselves from emotional pain. Others are conscious of a sense of release. For some, especially those who feel emotionally scarred, it may be a way to ‘wake up’ in situations where they are so numb they can’t feel anything. Overall, self-harm is a way of dealing with intense emotional pain."
 
 2. What "self-harming" behavior might look like:

"...cutting, burning, scalding, banging or scratching one’s own body, breaking bones, hair pulling,
swallowing poisonous substances or objects..."

3. More vulnerable populations


"Young people in residential settings like the armed forces, prison, sheltered housing, or hostels and boarding schools; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender young people; young Asian women; young people with learning disabilities."

4. Myths and Stereotypes

“Some people do it for attention... that doesn’t mean they should be ignored. There are plenty of
ways to get attention, why cause yourself pain? And if someone’s crying for help, you should give them it, not stand there and judge the way they’re asking for it.” 

5. How to talk about self-harm 

"Some young people have said that the reactions they got when talking to health workers was unhelpful. In this case you can always seek further help. Many GPs and nurses will be sympathetic, and know how to help and no-one should be put off from seeking help because of negative attitudes."

 

"If you are a friend of the person who is self-harming, you might have some of the same reactions that a parent would – disbelief, fear for your friend, worry about what to do for the best. The person may tell you but want you to keep it a secret. This can leave you feeling distressed and isolated, with no-one to talk to yourself."
 
6. Getting help
 
"Most young people who have found help say that having someone to listen to them and help them to work on solutions to their problems and stresses is the most helpful thing of all. This is why counseling or another type of talking therapy is useful."
 
7. Substitutes for self-harm
 
" Young people have shared their most successful ones with us, and these are:
  • Using a red felt tip pen to mark where you might usually cut
  • Hitting a punching bag to vent anger and frustration
  • Holding an ice-cube in the crook of your arm or leg
  • Getting outdoors and having a fast walk
  • Making lots of noise, either with a musical instrument or just banging on pots and pans
  • Writing negative feelings on a piece of paper and then ripping it up
  • Keeping a journal
  • Putting elastic bands on wrists and flicking them
  • Making a collage or artwork"
Click here for Facts for Families

Click here for The Cutting Edge: Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescence by Janis Whitlock
Click here for a printable copy of ways a nurse/therapist can help (see below)

Self-harm Seminar
How nurses and therapists can help


1. Be willing to talk about it
2. Assess for history of trauma, abuse, and neglect
3. Don’t engage in power struggles (telling the patient to stop, giving ultimatums)
4. Reframe the behavior as a coping strategy
5. Teach cognitive techniques (restructuring, undoing cognitive distortions or unhealthy thinking styles)
6. Identify the cycle of self-harm. Explore ways to short-circuit the cycle
7. Teach client how to experience and express anger in healthier ways
8. Teach clients how to label and articulate a broader range of emotions
9. Offer stress reduction/relaxation exercises (mindfulness meditation)
11. Address dissociation (triggers, grounding strategies)
12. Encourage journal writing to enhance awareness and insight
13. Address control issues
14. Address issues of shame/self-punishment
15. Teach assertiveness
16. Provide alternatives to self-harm (you may or may not like some of these suggestions)
17. Address your counter-transference issues (guilt, anger, fear, sadness)
18. Explore pharmacological interventions
19. Remember the work takes time
20. Allow your clients to stop on their own terms and in their own time.


Thursday, November 21, 2013

Adolescent Group: Bullying

This lesson plan can be accessed as a Google document here.

Bullying

“Are you a bully”?  Questionnaire
“Is this bullying” sheet

Click here for handout: Are you a bully?

Click here for handout: Is this bullying? Print page one for each member of the group to complete prior to the discussion. Page two is your reference for the answers

Who in here has been a bully.
Why?

Kids bully for a variety of reasons.
They are jealous of the person they are bullying.
They hang out with other bullies and want to look cool and fit it with their group.
They don’t have many friends and feel left out.
They don’t have high self-esteem and don’t like themselves so they want to make others not like themselves, too.
They need a victim — someone who seems emotionally or physically weaker, or just acts or appears different in some way — to feel more important, popular, powerful or in control. Although some bullies are bigger or stronger than their victims, that's not always the case.
Sometimes kids torment others because that's the way they've been treated. They may think their behavior is normal because they come from families or other settings where everyone regularly gets angry and shouts or calls each other names. Some popular TV shows even seem to promote meanness — people are "voted off," shunned, or ridiculed for their appearance or lack of talent.

Types of bullying
Physical. This type of bullying includes hitting, tripping and kicking, as well as destruction of a child's property.
Verbal. Verbal bullying includes teasing, name-calling, taunting and making inappropriate sexual comments.
Psychological or social. This type of bullying involves spreading rumors about a child, embarrassing him or her in public, or excluding him or her from a group.
Electronic. Cyberbullying involves using an electronic medium, such as email, websites

What can you do if you are bullied?

Ignore it. Ignore the hurtful remarks, by acting uninterested or texting someone. By showing the bully you don’t care he will probably get bored.
Avoid the bully and use the buddy system.
Be assertive. Clearly and firmly tell the bully to stop then walk away.
Hold the anger. Bullies thrive on you getting upset. It makes them fell more powerful.
Spend time with friends who have a positive influence. Participate in clubs, sports, or other enjoyable activities builds strength and friendships.
Write down the details - the date, who was involved and what specifically happened. Save screenshots, emails, and texts. Record the facts as objectively as possible.
Ask for a copy of the school policy on bullying.
Tell someone.

Who can you go to if you are bullied?

Some one you trust: Parents, teachers, counselors, school nurse, a sibling, and friend, physically attacked or threatened with harm call the police and/or an attorney.

How can you stop being a bully?
Apologize to people you've bullied, and follow it up by being friendly to them. They may not trust you right away, but eventually they'll see that you're for real.
If you're having a hard time feeling good about yourself, explore ways to boost your self-esteem. Pick up a new hobby, do volunteer work, or get involved with a sport.
If you feel like you're having trouble controlling your feelings, especially anger, talk to a school counselor about it.
There are many reasons to kick the bully habit. Many bullies grow up into adults who bully their families, friends, and co-workers, causing all sorts of problems with relationships and careers. It's hard to think about the future when you're feeling something here and now, but take a moment to see how your behavior may be laying down some pretty negative groundwork.




Time Management

Budgeting time is similar to budgeting money. We spend our money and our time on things we value.
There are only 24 hours in a day. You can't earn more so you need to learn how to fit everything in. These suggestions can be utilized by adolescents or adults.

The first thing to do is to keep track of where your time is spent. Click here for a form to complete. Total the number of hours.

If you are over 24 hours, determine where you need to cut back.
If you are under 24 hours, see if there are changes you need to make. 

Another way to determine how much you can get done during the course of a day and where your precious moments are going, Joe Mathews suggests carrying a schedule to record all your thoughts, conversations, and activities for a week. You'll see how much time is actually spent producing results and how much time is wasted on unproductive thoughts, conversations, and actions. 

Now that you know how your time is being spent, you can make a budget for your activities. Be aware of when you have the most energy, are the most alert, and when you get tired or irritable as well as what distracts you from starting or working on your list. 
According to the University of Utah School of Medicine website, it's a good idea to start off "making a master schedule for the week which tells you what time is "committed," i.e. time periods that you have already scheduled. It includes sleeping, dressing, eating, travel time, meetings or classes, housekeeping chores, time with loved ones, friends or children, and some leisure-relaxation-exercise time. This is your fixed schedule. It includes the things you must do. Your master schedule is pretty stable week after week. You need to write it down only once, then make occasional changes as needed. The master schedule identifies the hours that are "free," that you have control over. Doing this doesn't mean you have to do the same thing each week, rather it is a starting point for your planning."

The next two options I prefer for time management are either a to-do checklist or a calendar-book type day planner.

For the daily checklist, simply write down all the tasks you need to accomplish for the day. Prioritize and assign the letter A (those that need to be done the soonest), B, or C (those that are lowest priority), to each item on the list. Begin with the tasks marked with an A, and start with the task that will take the shortest amount of time working your way up to the longest amount of time. Do the same with the B and C category. 

Train yourself to avoid procrastination. Postponing work only makes you feel more pressured for time. It just boils down to will power and making yourself do it. Joseph Fielding Smith said, "Do it! Do it right!, Do it right now!" Write down this quote and put it somewhere you will see it every day.

Plan to multi-task. If you want to read a book but can't find the time, keep it with you and read it while you're waiting to pick up the kids from school, when you're waiting in line, when you find a spare 15 minutes, or instead of playing on your phone. 

Reward youself! 




Monday, November 18, 2013

Teenagers Rights and Privileges

Most of the adolescents I work with don't understand their role in the family. At this stage of development, they are ego-centric and have a sense of entitlement. The role of parents is to lovingly and attentively teach their children life skills. The role of teens is to learn from their parents how to manage their time, money, emotions, and priorities. Autonomy is the desired end result.
 
One of the first things teens need to understand is the difference between their rights and privileges.
 
According to Tracy Mallett*, kids have the following six rights: Food, clothing, shelter, love, supervision, and education. Anything else is a privilege.
 
More specifically, this means that kids have the right to healthy meals and snacks. The Harvard School of Public Health has published this "Healthy Eating Plate" guideline.
 

Junk food, fast food, sweets, soda pop are privileges. Another privilege would be helping choose what is on the menu.
In this category I am also including the right to health and dental care.
 
Children have the right to clean, weather-appropriate clothing. In some families it may be considered a privilege to have several changes of clothing, new clothing, designer clothing, money to buy clothing, and for someone to launder their clothing.
 
The right to shelter would include a place to live and sleep, protected from the elements, as well as a private place to bathe. A privilege in this area would be having one's own room, a lock on the door, and perhaps a bed frame. Other privileges would be having access to a television, computer, video games, phone, and other possessions.
 
Tracy Mallett stated, "Children have the right to be loved. Privileges include one-on-one time with parents, choosing the family’s activities, and sitting in the front seat of the car."
 
Children have the right to be properly supervised by a responsible adult who establishes boundaries and limits. Privileges would include social interactions with friends, hosting parties, having a parent drive them to activities, participation in sports, etc.
 
Children have the right to a learning-friendly environment. New school supplies, tutoring, and private lessons would be a privilege.
 
 

Friday, November 8, 2013

Self Awarness

As a mental health professional, teaching self-awareness is one of the first things I do with new clients. It's a starting point for individuals to make important changes in their lives.

What is self-awareness?
Self-awareness is the capacity for introspection and the ability to recognize oneself as an individual separate from the environment and other individuals. (Wikipedia.org)
Self Awareness is having a clear perception of your personality, including strengths, weaknesses, thoughts, beliefs, motivation, and emotions. (pathwaytohappiness.com)
Being self-aware is knowing what you want in your life...what motivates you and makes you happy, what you want to change about yourself or about your life, your achievements so far, how you relate to others, what you need to improve as a person, your most important beliefs and values, and how you see yourself as a person. (more-selfesteem.com)  

Why is self-awareness important?
As you develop self awareness you are able to make changes in the thoughts and interpretations you make in your mind. Changing the interpretations in your mind allows you to change your emotions. Self awareness is one of the attributes of Emotional Intelligence and an important factor in achieving success. (pathwaytohappiness.com)
If you want to change your life in any way you need to know yourself before you can act. You need to know what you need to do to head in the right direction and you can't do that until you know yourself. Self awareness can enrich your life because you can then move closer to living your values and realizing your dreams. (more-selfesteem.com)


How to develop self-awareness:

This link at zerotothree.org provides ways you can help your toddler become self-aware.

Pre-school children will enjoy drawing about themselves.


I provide worksheets that prompt the school-age children to practice introspection.

Self Awareness 1



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When I Have a Family

This activity allows young people to think about the type of family they want to have when they become parents. It can also be a conversation starter for new parents.

When I Have a Family





Monday, November 4, 2013

Adolescent Group: Maturity and Emotional Intelligence

Adolescent Group lesson plan for a mental health or home setting.

Discusses Maturity, Emotional Intelligence, Discipline, Parenting styles, Accountability.

Click the lesson plan link to open the printable lesson plan with handouts in google documents.

Maturity and Emotional Intelligence

Pass out the three handouts and collect the one about parenting styles.

On white board write the words in quotations. Ask the group how they defined the words and write their answers next to the word.

What does the word “discipline” mean to you?
What does the word “mature” mean to you?
What does the word “accountable” mean to you?
What do the words “emotional intelligence” mean to you?

Write the following definitions below the group members’ responses.
Discipline - Teaching or learning. Regulation of behaviors and emotions. Training that molds moral character. Orderly conduct. If you don’t have self-discipline, you will be disciplined by others.

Mature - Showing the mental, emotional, or physical characteristics associate with a fully developed adult person

Accountable - Responsible to someone or for something. Accepting Responsibility

Emotional Intelligence - personal attributes that enable people to succeed in life, including self-awareness, empathy, self-confidence, and self-control

Discuss the following characteristics of people who are Immature

 (Remember - EVERYTHING takes practice)

Easily Angered - The emotionally immature person does not react well when life does not turn out the way he thinks it should. If an outcome falls short of his expectation, he throws a tantrum, shouts, swears or makes a scene in some other way. In addition, he may become combative or belligerent. Having a meltdown is the only way an emotionally immature person deals with frustration or disappointment.

Avoidance of Personal Responsibility - When you tell stories about your life are you the victim, hero, or villain? A sure sign of emotional immaturity is your unwillingness or inability to take responsibility for your actions. You constantly casts yourself as the victim when recounting disagreements with others or when describing unpleasant events that involve you. You are unable to see how your own actions may have contributed to these circumstances. And you may even become defensive or antagonistic if others try to point out the part that you played in your misfortune.

Self-Centeredness in Conversation - Take note of the way you converse with others. If you're emotionally immature, you will find a way to steer every conversation to yourself. You’ll ensure that regardless of how a conversation begins, it will be about you by the time it ends. You may also have a hard time listening authentically to others and showing genuine concern or empathy for them. Such concern and empathy come from having an emotional awareness of others, and if you’re emotionally immature you may find this concept difficult to grasp. Instead you may focus on talking than listening.

Flawed Thinking - Flawed thinking may be a sign of emotional immaturity. The emotionally immature person finds it difficult to think things through logically. You will often jump to conclusions hastily or misinterpret social cues. In addition, you may have beliefs about yourself or the world that make it hard for you to see the error in your thinking, and this is because you rarely consider the possibility that your thought process might need adjustment. You don't take seriously the perspectives of others that may differ from your own.

Parenting styles book discussion: How to raise your parents

Have each member of the group write down examples of Developing Emotional Intelligence and Maturity on their handout.

1. Get in touch with your emotions. Ask yourself what you are feeling, then try to put names and labels on those feelings. Some forms of meditation can help you in this regard as they make it easier to see and recognize specific feelings.
2. Control yourself, but not in a bad way; simply monitor yourself and don't react. Excuse yourself from a potentially explosive situation. Take a walk, breathe deep, count to 10 backwards. Make a rule not to respond to the "button pushers" until much later after you've cooled down. Talk slowly, and if the situation demands immediate attention, keep your voice at a low volume.
3. See the Big Picture and think about your impact on other people. Consider how your words and actions will affect your neighbors, co-workers, family members or organization. Think before pushing the button on that email or complaining about someone verbally. Consider the ramifications and ripple affects of your emotions.
4. Honor the concept of teamwork, and try to be an encouraging team member at work, at home and in your community. Support your supervisor or spouse. Protect a child from a bully. Become a vital link on any formal or informal team, and exhibit a high level of emotional intelligence.
5.Give yourself time and be patient. It took time to learn impatience or emotional reactions, and it will take time to unravel them and build better behaviors. Don't be discouraged, though; it can be done.
6. Change the way you think and talk. There is a big difference between the way a child and an adult speak. Speak with confidence and reason. Make your decisions based on reason instead of emotions. 7. Take on more responsibility. To be more mature you should look for ways to be responsible for things in your house. Take responsibility for the choices you make in life. Don’t blame others for your circumstances.
8. Do things for yourself. It’s easy to pass of a task or a job to other people. Instead of taking the easy way out, start doing things for yourself. Learning how to complete more tasks will make you more mature and increase your confidence. If you don’t know how to do something, don’t be afraid to learn.
9. Care about other people. Selfishness is a common ingredient in immature people. Care about other people’s needs and help other people be successful.
10. Be more self-aware. Many people struggle with understanding themselves. Understand why you have the opinions that you have and why you do the things your dol. Be able to express your feelings and communicate them effectively.

Hand-out

Below are examples or parenting styles Which description most closely describes your parents? Read each one before answering. Select only the best answer.

Nags you to talk about your feelings and spending time with the family
Frequently says things like “How do you feel about that?”
Enjoys listening to National Public Radio, watching British Broadcasting Company news, gardening Doesn’t read magazines. Only reads the newspaper
Promotes family meetings to talk about your problems
Is found hanging out at Whole Foods shopping for organic granola, Free-range chicken, and shade-grown coffee

Nags you about your grades, ACT/SAT scores, your college aspirations, when you’re late for school Frequently says things like “Algebra is easy. If I did it, you can do it.”
Enjoys doing crossword puzzles and watching Jeopardy
Favorite Magazine is Scientific American Bars all TV for extended periods of time
Is often found with her nose in a book or wandering around the local art museum. She gets a slightly dazed expression when deep in thought

Nags you about whom you’re dating, whom your friends are dating, the latest school gossip
Frequently says things like “That is so wack”
Enjoys shopping, going to the gym, listening to pop music
Favorite magazine is Cosmopolitan
Grounds you for life
This parent can often be seen working on the elliptical machine at the gym. She will be completely made up.
Other favorite locales are the mall and local nail salon.

Nags you about what colleges you get into, how many hours a day you spend on the computer Frequently says things like “If you’re going to get into Princeton”
Enjoys golf, tennis, and reading the Wall Street Journal
Favorite magazine is Travel + Leisure Takes away your allowance
This parent is known to frequent Starbucks and can be overheard ordering a “grande, half-caff, no-foam, one-shot-of-vanilla latte

Nags you about your little brother’s every want and need, when you borrow your sister’s jeans without asking
Frequently says things like, “Can’t you be more like your older sister?”
Enjoys talking about your siblings to anyone who will listen
Favorite Magazine is Parents, of course
Lets your older brother take the car, even when you already have plans with your BFF
This parent follows the favorite child to his hockey game, karate, class, and debate tournament

Nags you about your latest physics test score, how much time you spend on your cell phone, chewing gum, talking with your mouth full, how your shirt doesn’t match those shoes, how you’re spending too much time with your friends, how you aren’t being a good friend, how you answer your phone saying, “yeah”
Frequently says things like, “I need to know where you’re going, who you’re going with, and when you’re going to be home”
Enjoys PTA, Book Club, throwing dinner parties
Favorite Magazine is Martha Stewart Living
Calls your cell phone every minute to check in Is busy buzzing from work to after-school activities, the grocery store, and everywhere else.
This parent likes to do everything because he/she does it “correctly”

Developing Emotional Intelligence and Maturity - have members of the group complete their blank handout as you discuss the following

1. Get in touch with your emotions. Ask yourself what you are feeling,then try to put names and labels on those feelings. Some forms of meditation can help you in this regard as they make it easier to see and recognize specific feelings.
2. Control yourself, but not in a bad way; simply monitor yourself and don't react. Excuse yourself from a potentially explosive situation. Take a walk, breathe deep, count to 10 backwards. Make a rule not to respond to the "button pushers" until much later after you've cooled down. Talk slowly, and if the situation demands immediate attention, keep your voice at a low volume.
3. See the Big Picture and think about your impact on other people. Consider how your words and actions will affect your neighbors, co-workers, family members or organization. Think before pushing the button on that email or complaining about someone verbally. Consider the ramifications and ripple affects of your emotions.
4. Honor the concept of teamwork, and try to be an encouraging team member at work, at home and in your community. Support your supervisor or spouse. Protect a child from a bully. Become a vital link on any formal or informal team, and exhibit a high level of emotional intelligence.
5.Give yourself time and be patient. It took time to learn impatience or emotional reactions, and it will take time to unravel them and build better behaviors. Don't be discouraged, though; it can be done.
6. Change the way you think and talk. There is a big difference between the way a child and an adult speak. Speak with confidence and reason. Make your decisions based on reason instead of emotions. 7. Take on more responsibility. To be more mature you should look for ways to be responsible for things in your house. Take responsibility for the choices you make in life. Don’t blame others for your circumstances.
8. Do things for yourself. It’s easy to pass of a task or a job to other people. Instead of taking the easy way out, start doing things for yourself. Learning how to complete more tasks will make you more mature and increase your confidence. If you don’t know how to do something, don’t be afraid to learn.
9. Care about other people. Selfishness is a common ingredient in immature people. Care about other people’s needs and help other people be successful.
10. Be more self-aware. Many people struggle with understanding themselves. Understand why you have the opinions that you have and why you do the things your dol. Be able to express your feelings and communicate them effectively.